Cytochrome C Antibody - #AF0146

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产品: Cytochrome C 抗体
货号: AF0146
描述: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to Cytochrome C
应用: WB IHC IF/ICC
反应: Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey
预测: Pig, Zebrafish, Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog, Xenopus
分子量: 15kDa; 12kD(Calculated).
蛋白号: P99999
RRID: AB_2833328

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说明书
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实验方案
WB Handbook
IHC Protocol
IF/ICC Protocol

产品描述

来源:
Rabbit
应用:
WB 1:500-1:3000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: 适用于变性蛋白样本的免疫印迹检测. IHC: 适用于组织样本的石蜡(IHC-p)或冰冻(IHC-f)切片样本的免疫组化/荧光检测. IF/ICC: 适用于细胞样本的荧光检测. ELISA(peptide): 适用于抗原肽的ELISA检测.

反应:
Human,Mouse,Rat,Monkey
预测:
Pig(100%), Zebrafish(88%), Bovine(100%), Horse(100%), Sheep(100%), Rabbit(100%), Dog(100%), Xenopus(100%)
克隆:
Polyclonal
特异性:
Cytochrome C Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Cytochrome C.
RRID:
AB_2833328
引用格式: Affinity Biosciences Cat# AF0146, RRID:AB_2833328.
偶联:
Unconjugated.
纯化:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
保存:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
别名:

展开/折叠

CYC; CYC_HUMAN; CYCS; Cytochrome c; Cytochrome c somatic; HCS; THC4;

抗原和靶标

免疫原:
Uniprot:

P99999(CYC_HUMAN) >>Visit HPA database.

基因/基因ID:
CYCS(54205)
描述:
CYCS Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain. Belongs to the cytochrome c family.
序列:
MGDVEKGKKIFIMKCSQCHTVEKGGKHKTGPNLHGLFGRKTGQAPGYSYTAANKNKGIIWGEDTLMEYLENPKKYIPGTKMIFVGIKKKEERADLIAYLKKATNE

种属预测

种属预测:

score>80的预测可信度较高，可尝试用于WB检测。*预测模型主要基于免疫原序列比对，结果仅作参考，不作为质保凭据。

Species
Results
Score
Pig
100
Horse
100
Bovine
100
Sheep
100
Dog
100
Xenopus
100
Rabbit
100
Zebrafish
88
Chicken
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

翻译修饰 - P99999 作为底物

Site PTM Type Enzyme
G2 Acetylation
K9 Acetylation
K28 Sumoylation
K28 Ubiquitination
T29 Phosphorylation
K40 Ubiquitination
T41 Phosphorylation
Y47 Phosphorylation
S48 Phosphorylation
Y49 Phosphorylation
T50 Phosphorylation
K54 Ubiquitination
Y68 Phosphorylation
K73 Acetylation
K73 Ubiquitination
K74 Acetylation
K74 Ubiquitination
Y75 Phosphorylation
T79 Phosphorylation
K80 Ubiquitination
K87 Acetylation
K87 Ubiquitination
K88 Acetylation
K89 Acetylation
Y98 Phosphorylation
K100 Acetylation
K100 Methylation
K100 Ubiquitination
K101 Methylation

研究背景

功能:

Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.

Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases.

翻译修饰:

Binds 1 heme group per subunit.

Phosphorylation at Tyr-49 and Tyr-98 both reduce by half the turnover in the reaction with cytochrome c oxidase, down-regulating mitochondrial respiration.

细胞定位:

Mitochondrion intermembrane space.
Note: Loosely associated with the inner membrane.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
蛋白家族:

Belongs to the cytochrome c family.

研究领域

· Cellular Processes > Cell growth and death > p53 signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Cellular Processes > Cell growth and death > Apoptosis.   (View pathway)

· Cellular Processes > Cell growth and death > Apoptosis - multiple species.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Drug resistance: Antineoplastic > Platinum drug resistance.

· Human Diseases > Endocrine and metabolic diseases > Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

· Human Diseases > Neurodegenerative diseases > Alzheimer's disease.

· Human Diseases > Neurodegenerative diseases > Parkinson's disease.

· Human Diseases > Neurodegenerative diseases > Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

· Human Diseases > Neurodegenerative diseases > Huntington's disease.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Bacterial > Legionellosis.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Parasitic > Toxoplasmosis.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Bacterial > Tuberculosis.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Hepatitis B.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Influenza A.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Herpes simplex infection.

· Human Diseases > Cancers: Overview > Pathways in cancer.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Cancers: Specific types > Colorectal cancer.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Cancers: Specific types > Small cell lung cancer.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Cardiovascular diseases > Viral myocarditis.

· Metabolism > Energy metabolism > Sulfur metabolism.

· Metabolism > Global and overview maps > Metabolic pathways.

文献引用

1). Synthesis of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives as mitochondria-targeted antioxidants and cytotoxic agents. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (PubMed: 28119815) [IF=14.5]

Application: WB    Species: Human    Sample:

Figure 7 Detection of cyt c release from energized mitochondria suspensions (2 mg protein/mL). (A) In the presence of 10 μmol/L MitoHCAs. a: control; b: MitoCaA; c: MitoFA; d: Mitop-CoA; e: MitoCA. (B) a: control; b: 1 μmol/L MitoCaA; c: 20 μmol/L MitoCaA +1 μmol/L CsA; d: 20 μmol/L MitoCaA. The blots shown are representative of three independent experiments demonstrating similar results. (C) In the presence of the various concentrations of MitoCaA. (D) In the presence of MitoHCAs, CaA and butylTPP (10 μmol/L) with or without Ca2+. The quantitative assays were performed by the dithionite-reduction method. The values represent mean±SEM of three independent experiments. ***P
2). Inhibition of fatty acid catabolism augments the efficacy of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers. CANCER LETTERS (PubMed: 31904482) [IF=9.7]
3). Iron induces B cell pyroptosis through Tom20–Bax–caspase–gasdermin E signaling to promote inflammation post-spinal cord injury. Journal of Neuroinflammation (PubMed: 37480037) [IF=9.3]

Application: WB    Species: Mouse    Sample: B cells

Fig. 3 Pyroptosis induced by iron accumulation may occur in splenic B cells after SCI. a Three days after SCI, serum samples were collected for quantification of the protein expression levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α by ELISA. b Three days after SCI, injured spinal cord homogenates were collected for quantification of the protein expression levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α by ELISA. c Three days after SCI, the spleen was stained with Prussian blue to detect the level of iron ion. d Three days after SCI, serum samples were collected to quantify the concentration of iron ions. e Three days after SCI, B cell lysates were collected to quantify the concentration of iron ions. f Detection of Tom20-Bax-caspase-GSDME pathway-related protein expression in B cells by western blot. g The knock-down efficiency of AAV on Tom20 in B cells was verified. h, l, m The expression levels of MCP-1, IL-1 β, IL-6, TNF- α, IgG and IgM in serum of different groups were detected by ELISA. i–k Three days after SCI, the spleens of mice were observed, and the spleen length and organ index of different groups were compared. n, o, q The spleen was taken for HE staining, Prussian blue staining, and immunofluorescence. CD19+ was red, dapi was blue, and merge was combined. p Detection of nerve evoked potentials in different groups of mice. r Detection of the expression of Tom20-Bax-caspsae-GSDME pathway-related proteins in different groups of B cells. All data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n ≥ 3 replicates per group). ns P > 0.05, * P 
4). The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect of Brucea javanica oil in ascitic tumor-bearing mice: The detection of brusatol and its role. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy (PubMed: 33341052) [IF=7.5]
5). Emodin targets mitochondrial cyclophilin D to induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells. BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (PubMed: 28363167) [IF=7.5]

Application: WB    Species: human    Sample:

Fig. 2. Effects of CsA on emodin-induced apoptosis. The cells were treated with emodin for 48 h in the presence or absence of CsA (5mM), then assays were performed. (A) Analysis of apoptosis by nuclear condensation. The Hoechst 33342 staining showed typical apoptotic morphology changes after emodin treatment. The images were acquired by inverted fluorescence microscopy. (B) Analysis of apoptosis by Annexin V/PI double-staining assay. (C) Determination of Cyto-C level in mitochondria and cytosol by western blots. b-actin and VDAC1 were used as internal control.
6). Edaravone combined with dexamethasone exhibits synergic effects on attenuating smoke-induced inhalation lung injury in rats. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy (PubMed: 34225014) [IF=7.5]
7). Proteus mirabilis Vesicles Induce Mitochondrial Apoptosis by Regulating miR96-5p/Abca1 to Inhibit Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Loss. Frontiers in Immunology (PubMed: 35242136) [IF=7.3]

Application: WB    Species: mouse    Sample: Osteoclasts

FIGURE 4 | Effect of P.M OMVs on mitochondria-dependent osteoclast apoptosis.(J) Cyto c expression in the cytoplasm and mitochondria with or without P.M OMV treatment. Data were obtained from three independent experiments and represented as mean ± SD. ####p < 0.0001 compared to M-CSF. *p < 0.05; **p < 001; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001 compared to M-CSF + RANKL. ns, not significant.

Application: WB    Species: Mouse    Sample: osteoclasts

Figure 4 Effect of P.M OMVs on mitochondria-dependent osteoclast apoptosis. (A) Venn diagram showing the intersection of negatively correlated miRNA–mRNA pairs within miRNA and mRNA sequences. (B) KEGG enrichment analysis of upregulated genes is shown in the bubble chart. The top 15 genes significantly enriched in the KEGG pathway (p < 0.05) are presented. Changes in osteoclast (C, D) apoptosis, (E, F) intracellular ROS, and (G, H) mitochondrial membrane potential level after being cultured with or without 0.15 or 0.3 μg/ml of P.M OMVs for 5 days. (I) Western blot analysis of caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax. (J) Cyto c expression in the cytoplasm and mitochondria with or without P.M OMV treatment. Data were obtained from three independent experiments and represented as mean ± SD. ####p < 0.0001 compared to M-CSF. *p < 0.05; **p < 001; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001 compared to M-CSF + RANKL. ns, not significant.
8). Lactoferrin ameliorates pathological cardiac hypertrophy related to mitochondrial quality control in aged mice. Food & Function (PubMed: 34223567) [IF=6.1]

Application: WB    Species: Mice    Sample:

Fig. 2 LF inhibited mitochondria-dependent apoptosis of myocardium in aged mice. (A) Representative images of the TUNEL assay. (B) Quantification of TUNEL-positive nuclei. (C) Representative immunoblotting images of relative protein expression. (D)–(I) Quantification of relative protein expression involved in mitochondria-dependent apoptosis; *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 vs. 2-month group; #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 vs. 16-month group.
9). Inhibition of microRNA-327 ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis through targeting apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY (PubMed: 31587299) [IF=5.6]

Application: WB    Species: rat    Sample: heart

FIGURE 7| Inhibition of miR‐327 suppressed I/R‐induced extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis‐associated molecules expression. Caspase‐8, Fas and FasL protein expression was detected in heart tissues of MI/RI rats by western blot (a). Quantitative analysis of Caspase‐8 (b), Fas (c), and FasL(d) expression was shown in Bar graphs.Caspase‐9, Bax, Bcl‐2, and Cyt‐c proteinexpression was detected in heart tissues of MI/RI rats by Western blot (e).
10). Licoricidin combats gastric cancer by targeting the ICMT/Ras pathway in vitro and in vivo. Frontiers in Pharmacology (PubMed: 36339587) [IF=5.6]

Application: WB    Species: Human    Sample: MGC-803 cells

FIGURE 2 Licoricidin promoted MGC-803 cell apoptosis and arrested mitosis in the G0/G1 phase. MGC-803 cells were treated with licoricidin (5, 10, and 20 μM) or 5-fluorouracil 20 μM for 24 h. (A) Apoptosis of MGC-803 cells was detected by flow cytometry after Annexin Ⅴ-FITC/PI dual staining, and the percentage rate of apoptotic cells was displayed in the histogram. (B) Morphological changes of MGC-803 cells were observed by Giemsa dye liquor (×200). Compared with the untreated group, cells treated with 20 μM of licoricidin presented a different morphology, and particularly, typical manifestations of apoptotic cells, such as nuclear pyknosis, hyperchromasia, and apoptotic bodies, can be seen. (C) Expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, Cyt-C, and Caspase 3) were assessed by Western blot assay and normalized by reference genes for quantitative analysis. (D) Licoricidin arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. Flow cytometry was carried out to measure DNA content and cell cycle distribution after the cells were fixed by PI staining, and the results were analyzed by ModfitLT 5.0 software. (E) Expression levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 were assessed by Western blot analysis and normalized by β-tubulin for quantitative analysis. Results are displayed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001. LCD, licoricidin. 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil. Scale bar, 100 μm.
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