TRPV4 Antibody - #DF8624

Fig. 6. GDF15 knockdown was associated with lowered transient receptor potential ion channel protein V4 (TRPV4) expression and intracellular calcium signaling. Representative A) Western blot image, as well as quantification of B) GDF15 and C) TRPV4 protein expression levels among the 4 HUVEC groups. D) Intracellular calcium concentration, indicated by Cal-590 AM loading, among the 4 treatment groups. n = 3/group for B) and C). *P 

Figure 4 LiESWT increased neuronal regeneration, synaptic transmission, and receptor response. The expressions of neuronal endogenous markers (NF, NeuN, and GFAP) and muscarinic receptor (M2 and M3), and purinergic receptor (P2X7) markers were assessed by immunostaining (A–H) and Western blots (I,J). Nuclear DNA was labeled with DAPI (blue). (A–D) The M2 immunostaining was markedly expressed in the UL and SL of the (A) sham group. On the contrary, there was less M2 staining expression in the thinner and defective urothelial mucosa in the UL (yellow arrows) of the (B) OVX group, but the immunostainings in the (C) OVX + SW4 group and the (D) OVX + SW8 group were enhanced. (E–H) Double-labeled analysis of M2 (red, upper panels) and NF (green, lower panels) was distributed in the ML of the (E) sham group. However, the double staining of the (G) OVX + SW4 group and the (H) OVX + SW8 group were widely expressed compared with the (F) OVX group. (I,J) Quantifications of the percentage of neurogenesis-related markers, muscarinic receptors, and purinergic receptors were evaluated by Western blotting. The expressions obviously decreased in the OVX group compared with the sham group. However, the expressions significantly increased in the OVX + SW4 group and OVX + SW8 group compared with the OVX group. Therefore, the LiESWT promoted bladder synaptic transmission, receptor response, and neurogenesis to ameliorate the bladder detrusor contractile response. Nuclear DNA was labeled with DAPI (blue). LiESWT, low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy; OVX + SW4, OHD status for 12 months, followed by once weekly LiESWT for 4 weeks; OVX + SW8, OHD status for 12 months, followed by twice weekly LiESWT for 4 weeks; DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; NF, neurofilament; NeuN, neuronal nuclear antigen and neuron; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; UL, urothelial layer; SL, suburothelial layer. Data are expressed as the means ± SD for n = 8. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 versus the sham group; ## p < 0.01 versus the OVX group; †† p < 0.01 versus the OVX + SW4 group.

Figure 4 LiESWT increased neuronal regeneration, synaptic transmission, and receptor response. The expressions of neuronal endogenous markers (NF, NeuN, and GFAP) and muscarinic receptor (M2 and M3), and purinergic receptor (P2X7) markers were assessed by immunostaining (A–H) and Western blots (I,J). Nuclear DNA was labeled with DAPI (blue). (A–D) The M2 immunostaining was markedly expressed in the UL and SL of the (A) sham group. On the contrary, there was less M2 staining expression in the thinner and defective urothelial mucosa in the UL (yellow arrows) of the (B) OVX group, but the immunostainings in the (C) OVX + SW4 group and the (D) OVX + SW8 group were enhanced. (E–H) Double-labeled analysis of M2 (red, upper panels) and NF (green, lower panels) was distributed in the ML of the (E) sham group. However, the double staining of the (G) OVX + SW4 group and the (H) OVX + SW8 group were widely expressed compared with the (F) OVX group. (I,J) Quantifications of the percentage of neurogenesis-related markers, muscarinic receptors, and purinergic receptors were evaluated by Western blotting. The expressions obviously decreased in the OVX group compared with the sham group. However, the expressions significantly increased in the OVX + SW4 group and OVX + SW8 group compared with the OVX group. Therefore, the LiESWT promoted bladder synaptic transmission, receptor response, and neurogenesis to ameliorate the bladder detrusor contractile response. Nuclear DNA was labeled with DAPI (blue). LiESWT, low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy; OVX + SW4, OHD status for 12 months, followed by once weekly LiESWT for 4 weeks; OVX + SW8, OHD status for 12 months, followed by twice weekly LiESWT for 4 weeks; DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; NF, neurofilament; NeuN, neuronal nuclear antigen and neuron; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; UL, urothelial layer; SL, suburothelial layer. Data are expressed as the means ± SD for n = 8. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 versus the sham group; ## p < 0.01 versus the OVX group; †† p < 0.01 versus the OVX + SW4 group.

Fig. 2. |TRPV4 inhibitor inhibited the high expression of calmodulin and cleaved caspase-8. (A) TRPV4, calmodulin,cleaved caspase-8 protein expressions were detected by western blotting