AFP Antibody - #AF5134

Fig. 7 The effects of hUC-MSC transplantation on hepatocyte regeneration in ACLF rats. Liver sections from ACLF rats 12 and 24 h post-hUC-MSC transplantation or 0.9% sodium chloride injection as a control were used for immunohistochemical staining of AFP, CK18, HGF, and PCNA and microscopic examination (n = 4/group). Representative photographs are shown (a). Positive staining was quantified and is presented as the mean ± SD (b, c). d Serum levels of HGF were detected by ELISA (4h, n = 3/group; 12h and 24h, n = 4/group). Data are presented as the mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001

Figure 5. Analysis of hepatic protein markers after 3 weeks of hepatic differentiation. (A) H&E staining of hepatic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in all groups. Immunofluorescence analysis of (B) alpha fetoprotein (AFP), (C) cytokeratin 19 (CK19) and (D) albumin (ALB) expression in all groups. Undifferentiated MSCs were used as controls. Scale bar, 100 µm. 2D, 2-dimensional; 3D, 3-dimensional; DLS, decellularized liver scaffold.

Figure 1 GA reduces stemness and induces differentiation of hepatic cancer cells. (A) Survival of HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5 cells incubated with the indicated amounts of GA for 48 h. (B) Cell proliferation was assessed through a colony formation assay. The number of colonies was compared (one-way ANOVA; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). (C) Images of sphere formation assay of HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5. The number of spheres was compared (one-way ANOVA; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). (D) Expression of representative CSC markers (SOX2 and OCT4) was analyzed by Western blot assay (one-way ANOVA; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). (E) Images of HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5 cells were taken after incubation with different GA concentrations. (F) Expressions of representative differentiation markers (AFP and HEPPAR1) were analyzed by Western blot assay (one-way ANOVA; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). Scale bars in C and E are at 200 and 20 μm, respectively.

Figure 6 GA suppresses tumor growth and enhances the antitumor effect of sorafenib. Images of tumors (A), tumor volumes (B), and body weight (C) of PLC/PRF/5 transfected with shNC or shJNK1 in BALB/c nu/nu mice treated with 100 mg/kg GA or saline as control. (D) IHC staining indicates the expression of CSC markers (SOX2 and OCT4) and differentiation markers (AFP and HEPPAR1) in tumors. (E) IHC analysis of SOX2, OCT4, AFP, and HEPPAR1 in tumors (one-way ANOVA; ***P < 0.001). Scale bars in (D), 30 μm. Images of tumors (F), tumor volumes (G) and body weight (H) of PLC/PRF/5-bearing BALB/c nu/nu mice. GA or sorafenib treatment obviously inhibited tumor growth. Furthermore, GA could enhance the anti-tumor effect of sorafenib.

FIGURE 1 | Irradiation-induced liver damage in mice. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 8.0 Gy of total body irradiation (TBI). Liver tissues were harvested at days 1, 3, and 7 post-exposure (n = 6). (A) Representative pictures by HE staining are shown. Scale bar = 50 μm. Arrows indicate edema hepatocytes. (B and C) ALB and AFP expression in liver tissues (n = 3). Expression of ALB (B) and AFP (C) was detected by western blotting.

Figure 4. Analysis of hepatic protein markers in mouse MSCs following 23 days of hepatic differentiation. Green immunofluorescence staining of ALB, AFP and CK19 in undifferentiated MSC control, 2D and 3D groups. Nuclei were stained blue with DAPI. Scale bars, 100 µm. MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells; ALB, albumin; AFP, α-fetoprotein; CK19, cytokeratin-19.