Phospho-Syntaxin 1A (Ser14) Antibody - #AF3463

Plays an essential role in hormone and neurotransmitter calcium-dependent exocytosis and endocytosis. Part of the SNARE (Soluble NSF Attachment Receptor) complex composed of SNAP25, STX1A and VAMP2 which mediates the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane. STX1A and SNAP25 are localized on the plasma membrane while VAMP2 resides in synaptic vesicles. The pairing of the three SNAREs from the N-terminal SNARE motifs to the C-terminal anchors leads to the formation of the SNARE complex, which brings membranes into close proximity and results in final fusion. Participates in the calcium-dependent regulation of acrosomal exocytosis in sperm. Plays also an important role in the exocytosis of hormones such as insulin or glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) (By similarity).

Phosphorylated by CK2 (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-188 by DAPK1 significantly decreases its interaction with STXBP1.

Sumoylated, sumoylation is required for regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis.

Cytoplasmic vesicle>Secretory vesicle>Synaptic vesicle membrane>Single-pass type IV membrane protein. Cell junction>Synapse>Synaptosome. Cell membrane.
Note: Colocalizes with KCNB1 at the cell membrane.

Secreted.

Isoform 1 is highly expressed in embryonic spinal chord and ganglia and in adult cerebellum and cerebral cortex. Isoform 2 is expressed in heart, liver, fat, skeletal muscle, kidney and brain.

Part of the SNARE core complex containing SNAP25, VAMP2 and STX1A; this complex constitutes the basic catalytic machinery of the complex neurotransmitter release apparatus. The SNARE complex interacts with CPLX1 (By similarity). Interacts with STXBP1. Interacts (via C-terminus) with KCNB1 (via C-terminus); the interaction increases in a calcium-dependent manner and induces a pore-independent enhancement of exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells, chromaffin cells, pancreatic beta cells and from the soma of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons (By similarity). Interacts with SYTL4 (By similarity). Interacts with STXBP6 (By similarity). Interacts with PLCL1 (via C2 domain) (By similarity). Interacts with OTOF (By similarity). Interacts with LGI3 (By similarity). Interacts with SLC6A4 (By similarity). Interacts with SYT6 and SYT8; the interaction is Ca(2+)-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with VAMP8. Interacts with SNAP23. Interacts with VAPA and SYBU. Interacts with PRRT2 (By similarity). Interacts with SEPT8 (By similarity). Interacts with STXBP5L (By similarity). Interacts with synaptotagmin-1/SYT1 (By similarity).

Belongs to the syntaxin family.